@phdthesis{oai:air.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005392,
 author = {王, 俊涛},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Development and optimization of reverse supply chain (RSC) for electronic waste (e-waste) treatment has attracted increasing interests worldwide due to the economic value and environmental influence of e-waste. RSC is generally defined as the series of activities required to retrieve a used product from a customer and either dispose of it or recycle/reuse it. Compared to informal RSC, formal RSC is usually used to refer the RSC that comply with environmental-friendly requirements for e-waste treatment. Due to the concerns of the adverse influence on environment and human health, it urges the development of formal RSC to replace the rampant informal RSC in most developing countries. Furthermore, a well-designed formal RSC is essential considering the inherent advantages of informal RSC. In this end, this study focuses on the development of formal RSC and its optimization and governance, in order to promote the proper and appropriate treatment of e-waste. The study pays major attention to the prominent problems practically encountered in formal RSC in China. Wherein the prominent problems are summarized as the suitable collection channel structure and facility layout of formal RSC, and channel coordination between formal and informal RSCs. Specifically, this study firstly ① explores the optimal formal channel structure from different aspects; then ② discusses and compares the effectiveness of different policies on formalizing the collector in informal RSC; finally ③ conducts location planning of recycling centers for waste mobile phones (WMPs) treatment in China. This study firstly focuses on the competitive formal and informal RSCs. By modelling the influence of collection efforts, green technology investment and the government subsidy, this study establishes three game theoretic models that corresponding respectively to three different dual-channel structures. These models are used to analyze the optimal collection strategy and channel structure of formal RSC under the competitive formal and informal RSCs, and indicate the optimal government subsidies. Then, this study considers the coordination of formal and informal RSCs for its benefits on e-waste treatment. A game theory model is built to analyze how to effectively promote the formalization of informal collectors. Based on the model, we discuss and compare the influences of four different policies (two subsidies and two penalties). Finally, the study pays attention to the development and rational layout of recycling centers in formal RSC. This study establishes several forecasting models to estimate and forecast the provincial WMPs of mainland China and develops a mixed-integer programming model for location planning of corresponding recycling infrastructures. Based on the theoretical models and related numerical analysis, several key findings are concluded. The study firstly analyzes the optimal formal channel structures from the perspectives of formal recycler, consumer and government respectively. It is concluded that there exists the conflict of interests when deciding the optimal formal channel structure. The results further indicate that formal recyclers should positively implement collection efforts in order to improve the collected quantity and the profit of the formal channel even they outsource collection activities to independent collectors. Besides, the optimal subsidies are calculated for different formal channel structures from the aspect of minimizing the profit of informal RSC. Thirdly, the study concludes that both the subsidy and penalty policies can promote the formalization of informal collectors. And there is no difference between the subsidy to informal collectors and formal recyclers (penalty on informal collectors or informal recyclers) regarding the change of recycling quantity. It is noteworthy that there exist the decremental effect of subsidy and the incremental effect of penalty on promoting formalization activity. Lastly, the study estimates the WMPs in all 31 provinces of mainland China from year 1992 to 2036. Through the location planning study, it indicates the concrete locations of recycling centers and the WMPs flows across provinces, and concludes that a total of 175 recycling centers are required for WMPs treatment in China in 2036. Accordingly, this study indicates major managerial implications for both the government and the recycler in formal RSC. The implications for the government include prudently designing and implementing policies, simplifying the supervision system and improving its responsiveness, and promoting the co-construction of recycling centers and cooperation on WMPs treatment across provinces in China. For formal recyclers, they are suggested to establish their own collection channel or to centralize other independent collection channels, to positively implement activities to promote consumers’ participation, and to establish its recycling centers following the planned locations. In summary, the whole study can benefit the development and optimization of RSC as follows. Firstly, the whole study can help maximize the economic profit of formal RSC and benefit the environment. Secondly, the study can help promote the collection rate of formal RSC through the optimized formal channel structure and the efficiently coordinated formal and informal RSCs. Thirdly, because of the optimized locations of recycling centers, the study can contribute to the rational layout of recycling centers in formal RSC.},
 school = {秋田大学},
 title = {Optimization and Governance of Reverse Supply Chain for E-waste Treatment},
 year = {2021}
}