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Spatial distribution and mobility of metals and arsenic in river water and river bed sediments affected by copper mining activities in eastern Serbia
https://doi.org/10.20569/00003661
https://doi.org/10.20569/000036611913d96c-8549-4443-bcbf-c0c32bc4571e
| 名前 / ファイル | ライセンス | アクション |
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内容要旨及び審査結果要旨 (360.6 kB)
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本文 (11.1 MB)
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| Item type | 学位論文 / Thesis or Dissertation(1) | |||||||
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| 公開日 | 2018-11-29 | |||||||
| タイトル | ||||||||
| タイトル | Spatial distribution and mobility of metals and arsenic in river water and river bed sediments affected by copper mining activities in eastern Serbia | |||||||
| 言語 | ||||||||
| 言語 | eng | |||||||
| 資源タイプ | ||||||||
| 資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_db06 | |||||||
| 資源タイプ | doctoral thesis | |||||||
| ID登録 | ||||||||
| ID登録 | 10.20569/00003661 | |||||||
| ID登録タイプ | JaLC | |||||||
| アクセス権 | ||||||||
| アクセス権 | open access | |||||||
| アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2 | |||||||
| 別タイトル | ||||||||
| その他のタイトル | セルビア東部の銅鉱山開発活動の影響を受けた河川水および河川堆積物中の金属元素およびヒ素の分布と移動性 | |||||||
| 作成者 |
DORDIEVSKI, STEFAN
× DORDIEVSKI, STEFAN
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| 内容記述（抄録） | ||||||||
| 内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||||
| 内容記述 | Contamination of river water and river bed sediments caused by copper mining is a serious problem in many regions of the world. The main cause of contamination is generation of acid mine drainage (AMD) by weathering of sulfide minerals in overburden and flotation tailings. The processing of copper ores may generate additional quantities of wastewater. Flotation reagents that are used for mineral processing of copper ore may also cause adverse effects in aquatic environment. There are two copper mining areas in eastern Serbia, located around towns of Bor and Majdanpek. Mining operations in Bor and Majdanpek started in 1903 and 1961, respectively, and are still continuing. Numerous open pits, underground mines, overburden and flotation tailing ponds are present in both mining areas. However, copper smelter and refining facility is present only in Bor. The aim of this PhD thesis is to determine spatial distribution and mobility of metals and arsenic in river water and river bed sediments that were affected by mining activities in eastern Serbia. Field survey for creation of geochemical maps was conducted in 2015 and early 2016. Total number of river water and river bed sediment samples was 198 and 181, respectively, with average sampling density of 1 sample per 42 and 46 km², respectively. Spatial distribution and mobility of 9 elements (Al, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) in river water and river bed sediments were considered. Additional field surveys for determination of seasonal variation of concentrations of metals and arsenic were carried out in September 2016, February 2017, and August 2017. Geochemical maps, histograms and cumulative probability (CP) diagrams were created for 9 elements in river water and river bed sediments from eastern Serbia. Variations of background and threshold concentrations were determined from histograms and CP diagrams. Spatial distribution of elements was determined from geochemical maps. Grouping of data points on histograms, CP diagrams and geochemical maps indicated patterns that were considered in detail. Minimum, median, mean, maximum, mean–2σ and mean+2σ values for 9 elements were calculated, and threshold values that separate background and anomalous concentrations were obtained from the brakes of slope on CP diagrams. Concentration of Mn was decreased in river bed sediments that were in contact with acidic river water because of dissolution caused by acidic pH value. Higher concentrations of Ni were found in an area that consists of ultramafic rocks. High concentrations of Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were found in river bed sediments downstream from Bor and Majdanpek copper mines; however, those concentrations were higher downstream from Bor copper mines. There were no anomalous values of Al in river bed sediment. Higher concentrations of Fe were found in the region of Timok Magmatic Complex that consists of upper Cretaceous andesitic rocks. Concentration of Fe was also high in river bed sediments of Bor and Bela Rivers due to presence of Fe-rich minerals (pyrite, fayalite, magnetite) that originated from flotation tailings. Water of rivers downstream from Bor copper mines was acidic. Geochemical maps of total and dissolved concentrations of metals and arsenic in river water showed that rivers downstream from Bor and Majdanpek copper mines were contaminated. Higher concentrations of metals and arsenic were more frequently found in water of rivers downstream from Bor copper mines. Metallurgical facilities in Bor had the largest impact on Bor River by discharging about 400 t of Cu per year through highly acidic wastewater (pH = 2.6). The highest measured concentrations of Cu in river water and sediments were 40 mg/L and 1.6%, respectively. Dissolution of calcite from limestone bedrock and a high concentration of bicarbonate ions in natural river water (about 250 mg/L) enhanced the neutralization of acidic river water and subsequent precipitation of metals and arsenic on the river bed. Decreases in the concentrations of Al, Fe, Cu, As, and Pb in river water were mainly due to precipitation on the river bed. On the other hand, dilution played an important role in the decreases in concentrations of Mn, Ni, Zn and Cd. Instead of remediation of contaminated river bed sediments downstream from Bor mining area, natural attenuation of metals and arsenic should be monitored. However, in order to enhance the processes of natural attenuation, removal of sources of contaminanation is necessary. |
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| 著者版フラグ | ||||||||
| 出版タイプ | VoR | |||||||
| 出版タイプResource | http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 | |||||||
| 書誌情報 | 発行日 2018-09-28 | |||||||
| 出版者 | ||||||||
| 出版者 | 秋田大学 | |||||||
| 学位名 | ||||||||
| 学位名 | 博士（工学） | |||||||
| 学位授与機関 | ||||||||
| 学位授与機関識別子Scheme | kakenhi | |||||||
| 学位授与機関識別子 | 11401 | |||||||
| 学位授与機関名 | 秋田大学 | |||||||
| 学位授与年月日 | ||||||||
| 学位授与年月日 | 2018-09-28 | |||||||
| 学位授与番号 | ||||||||
| 学位授与番号 | 甲第1272号 | |||||||
